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1 idiographic sciences
мет. идиографические науки (науки, основанные на идиографическом методе; существует много сторонников причисления социологии и политологии к идиографическим наукам на основании того, что поведение людей, наделенных свободной и часто иррациональной волей, не подчиняется объективным закономерностям, а каждая политическая ситуация неповторима, и на нее нельзя экстраполировать исторический опыт)See: -
2 nomothetic sciences
мет. номотетические науки (науки, основанные на номотетическом методе; хотя это собственно метод естествознания, социология и политология претендуют на причисление себя к номотетическим наукам на основании того, что они выявляют общие закономерности)See: -
3 Rickert, Heinrich
перс.фил. Риккерт, Генрих (1863-1936; немецкий философ, один из основателей баденской школы неокантианства; противопоставлял метод естествознания, направленный на общее (закон), методу исторических наук, выясняющему лишь единичные, неповторимые явления и события; отвергал объективные закономерности исторического процесса)See: -
4 Windelband, Wilhelm
перс.фил. Виндельбанд, Вильгельм (1848-1915; немецкий философ-идеалист, глава баденской школы неокантианства; разделял науки на номотетические, имеющие дело с законами, и идиографические, изучающие единичные, неповторимые явления; сводил социальные проблемы к этическим; рассматривал философию как критическую науку об общепринятых ценностях)See: -
5 nau|ka
f 1. sgt (wiedza) learning; (ścisła) science; (badania) research- nauka polska/światowa Polish/international academic research- człowiek nauki a scholar- gałąź/dziedzina nauki a branch/field of learning a. knowledge- świat nauki the world of science- gatunek nieznany nauce a species unknown a. new to science- poświęcić się nauce to devote oneself to research a. to scholarly pursuits- zajmować się nauką to be engaged in research a. academic work- zrobić coś dla dobra nauki to do sth in the interests of science- zwiększyć nakłady na naukę to increase spending on research2. (dziedzina) science- rozwój nauk ekonomicznych development of economics- nauki medyczne medical sciences- nauka o języku linguistics3. (teoria) theory, doctrine- nauka Freuda Freud’s theories a. theory- wiedza o wszechświecie oparta na nauce Ptolemeusza knowledge of the cosmos based on Ptolemy’s teachings4. Szkol. (edukacja) study, learning; (w szkole) schooling- nauka czytania i pisania learning to read and write- nauka gry na fortepianie learning to play the piano- nauka zawodu apprenticeship- oddać kogoś na naukę do krawca to apprentice sb to a tailor- nauka przychodziła jej łatwo/z trudem she was a quick a. fast/slow learner- łożyć na czyjąś naukę to pay for sb’s schooling- mieć trudności w nauce to have learning difficulties- oderwać się od nauki to tear oneself away from one’s studies- odnosić sukcesy w nauce to do well in one’s studies- przykładać się do nauki to apply oneself to study, to study diligently- robić postępy w nauce to make good progress with one’s studies- zaniedbywać się w nauce to neglect one’s studies- dzień wolny od nauki a day off school- jutro nie ma nauki (w szkole) there are no classes a. lessons tomorrow5. (morał) lesson- wyciągnąć naukę z przeszłości to draw a lesson from the past- nauka płynąca z bajki the moral of a fable- jaka z tego płynie nauka? what lesson can be drawn from that?6. Relig. sermon- wierni wysłuchali nauki biskupa the congregation listened to the bishop’s sermon- □ nauka Kościoła Relig. the Church’s teachings- nauka religii Relig. religious instruction a. education- nauki humanistyczne humanities, arts- nauki idiograficzne Filoz. idiographic sciences- nauki normatywne Filoz. normative sciences- nauki polityczne Polit. political science- nauki przyrodnicze natural sciences- nauki społeczne Socjol. social science(s)- nauki ścisłe exact sciences- nauki wyzwolone Hist. liberal arts■ nauka nie poszła w las przysł. the lesson has been learned a. hasn’t been forgotten a. hasn’t been wastedThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > nau|ka
См. также в других словарях:
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